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在香菇的蛋白质中，含有18种氨基酸。而人体所必需的8种氨基酸，香菇就占了7种。香菇还含有多量的谷氨酸、各种糖类等，而这些正是构成香菇的营养价值固有的清香、风味的重要物质。故营养学家称香菇的营养价值是牛肉的4倍，把香菇誉为“植物性食品的顶峰”。各国人民之所以如此爱吃香菇，其原因也就不言而喻。
香菇还含有多种维生素、矿物质，对促进人体新陈代谢，提高机体适应力有很大作用。香菇还对糖尿病、肺结核、传染性肝炎、神经炎等起治疗作用，又可用于消化不良、便秘、减肥等。中国不少古籍中记载香菇“益气不饥，治风破血和益胃助食”。民间用来助减少痘疮、麻疹的诱发，治头痛、头晕。
现代研究证明，香菇多糖可调节人体内有免疫功能的T细胞活性，可降低甲基胆蒽诱发肿瘤的能力。香菇还含有双链核糖核酸，能诱导产生干扰素，具有抗病毒能力。香菇含有水溶性鲜味物质，可用作食品调味品，其主要成分是5-乌苷酸等核酸成分。
Nutritional value of mushrooms
In the protein of shiitake mushrooms, there are 18 kinds of amino acids. The 8 kinds of amino acids necessary for the human body, mushrooms account for 7 kinds. Shiitake mushrooms also contain a lot of glutamic acid, various sugars, etc., and these are the important substances that constitute the inherent fragrance and flavor of the nutritional value of shiitake mushrooms. Therefore, nutritionists claim that the nutritional value of shiitake mushrooms is 4 times that of beef. The reason why people all over the world love to eat mushrooms is self-evident.
Mushrooms also contain a variety of vitamins and minerals, which have a great effect on promoting human metabolism and improving the body's adaptability. Mushrooms also play a therapeutic role in diabetes, tuberculosis, infectious hepatitis, neuritis, etc., and can be used for indigestion, constipation, weight loss, etc. In many ancient Chinese books, it is recorded that shiitake mushrooms "replenish qi without hunger, cure wind and break blood, and help stomach and food". Folk use to help reduce acne, measles-induced, headache, dizziness.
Modern research has proved that lentinan can regulate the activity of T cells with immune function in the human body, and can reduce the ability of methylcholanthrene to induce tumors. Mushrooms also contain double-stranded ribonucleic acid, which can induce the production of interferon and have antiviral ability. Shiitake mushrooms contain water-soluble umami substances, which can be used as food condiments, and their main components are nucleic acid components such as 5-guanylic acid.
